Co-IP is a classic technology widely used for protein-protein interaction identification and validation. Based on the specific immunological interaction between the bait protein and its antibody, co-IP has become an effective and reliable method in detecting the physiological interaction between proteins.
The principle of the co-IP technique is as follows: Many intracellular protein-protein interactions are retained when cells are lysed under non-denaturing conditions. The bait protein, for example, protein X, can be captured by its specific antibody stabilized to agarose beads. If there is another protein, the prey protein, for example, protein Y, binds to protein X in vivo, the protein X - protein Y complex can then be precipitated together by the antibody. Subsequently, through the investigation of protein Y, we can confirm the protein X - protein Y interaction, or discover new interactors of protein X.
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